EHP News  May 2004

PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP FOR SAFE DRINKING WATER

USAID TO INVEST IN $70 MILLION HYGIENE AND SANITATION INITIATIVE

IMPROVING SMALL TOWN SANITATION IN JAMAICA - A SUCCESS STORY

WORKSHOP ON PARTICIPATORY COMMUNITY HEALTH ENQUIRY HELD IN INDORE, INDIA

STATUS OF INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE OF MALARIA, KALA-AZAR AND JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS VECTORS IN BBIN

EHP BRIEF OUTLINING THE WEST AFRICA WATER INITIATIVE AVAILABLE

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A public-private partnership (PPP) for safe drinking water was officially launched in New York at the United Nations' Commission on Sustainable Development Meeting. The objective of the Safe Drinking Water Alliance is to develop innovative approaches for ensuring the safety of drinking water. USAID, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health/Center for Communication Programs (CCP), CARE, Population Services International and Procter and Gamble joined forces to leverage their expertise and resources to better understand behaviors related to household water treatment, to share knowledge gained and identify opportunities for scaling up safe drinking water efforts.

The Safe Drinking Water Alliance will receive $1.4 million over the next 18 months from USAID through USAID's Global Development Alliance.

(Source: USAID Health: News/Info)

Dr. Anne Peterson, USAID Assistant Administrator of the Bureau for Global Health, announced a new hygiene and sanitation improvement initiative during a meeting of the 12th session of the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development in New York, April 14-30, 2004.

USAID plans to invest $70 million over a nine-year period on targeted health programs aimed at the prevention of diarrheal diseases, a leading killer of vulnerable populations, including approximately 2 million children under five every year.

"Hygiene and sanitation have long been neglected, yet critical elements of public health," Dr. Peterson said. "In the face of the growing AIDS pandemic, we have more reasons to be really serious about clean water, improved hygiene and sanitation. Through our efforts and those of our partners, USAID intends to reduce the suffering and death associated with diarrheal disease worldwide."

Building on its previous health program experience in water supply, sanitation and hygiene, USAID's new initiative will focus on bolstering key hygiene practices that are proven effective in diarrhea prevention--safe storage, handling, and disinfection of household drinking water; effective handwashing; and improved sanitation.

(Source: USAID Washington DC, Press Release

IMPROVING SMALL TOWN SANITATION IN JAMAICA — A SUCCESS STORY

Sanitation in small towns is a growing and important problem, and very few small towns in Latin America have managed to provide sustainable sanitation services. This can be due to a lack of demand for sanitation, an inadequate policy framework, and limited institutional capacity to effectively manage sanitation systems. With support from USAID’s Latin America and the Caribbean Bureau, Office of Regional Sustainable Development (LAC/RSD), EHP developed a 10-step methodology to be used in sustainable small town sanitation plans development.

This methodology was field-tested in Jamaica with funding from USAID/Water Team. White Horses——a small town in Jamaica——was identified by the Jamaican Ministry of Water and Housing (MOWH) and USAID/Jamaica for the field testing. White Horses was already slated to receive water under the IADB funded Rural Water Project (RWP), but the perception was that an improved water supply system without the inclusion of proper sewer and sanitation systems was not likely to bring about maximum health and sanitation benefits.

The field test resulted in the development of the White Horses Sanitation Plan. Through a series of dissemination workshops, the Plan served as a basis to seek further funding needed for implementation, construction of the identified sanitation systems and training of the White Horses community to operate and maintain the sanitation systems. Recently, USAID/Jamaica succeeded in leveraging more funds from other donors——the Environmental Foundation of Jamaica and the UN Environment Program——in addition to in-kind labor from a committed community.

White Horses Sanitation Plan is an example of a success story initiated by USAID investment in an innovative methodology for small-town sanitation that influenced other donor investment and community interest and commitment.

In addition to Jamaica, the methodology was also field tested in Ecuador and Panama. For more information, email Eduardo Perez at [email protected].

For further reading, see the following:

Strategic Report 3. Improving Sanitation in Small Towns in Latin America and the Caribbean — Practical Methodology for Designing a Sustainable Sanitation Plan (http://www.ehproject.org/PDF/Strategic_papers/StrategicReport3-English.pdf )

EHP Brief 24. Improving Small Town Sanitation in Jamaica — A Success Story (http://www.ehproject.org/PDF/EHPBriefs/EHPB24.pdf)

For more information or a hard copy of either publication, contact [email protected].

WORKSHOP ON PARTICIPATORY COMMUNITY HEALTH ENQUIRY HELD IN INDORE, INDIA

A new report from EHP delineates the processes followed by, and the principles and findings that emerged from, a ten-day workshop on Participatory Community Health Enquiry. The workshop was held March 20-30, 2003, in Indore, India, with the NGO-CBO partners implementing the USAID EHP Urban Child Health Program. The purpose of the workshop was to enhance the program partners’ skills in: (1) conducting a participatory community enquiry with accurate triangulation and reporting of findings; (2) outlining and documenting a process through which a community takes ownership of the program objectives and processes; (3) prioritizing interventions based on community needs; and (4) planning subsequent actions. The workshop was designed specifically to guide urban health programs in the slums of Indore with limited access to and availability of health care facilities.

For further reading, see the following:

Activity Report 127: Participatory Community Health Enquiry and Planning in Selected Urban Slums of Indore, Madhya Pradesh and A Field Guide for Community Facilitators of PCHEP (http://www.ehproject.org/PDF/Activity_Reports/AR-127%20India%20Report%20and%20Field%20Guide.pdf

STATUS OF INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE OF MALARIA, KALA-AZAR AND JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS VECTORS IN BBIN

Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, and Nepal (BBIN) are endemic in malaria, kala-azar (KA), and Japanese encephalitis (JE). Transmitted through mosquito and sandfly vectors, these diseases have a high prevalence at border areas and are involved in cross-border transmission between these countries. The use of insecticides for vector control of these diseases will continue to play a major role in the programs of disease control.

For further reading, see the following:

Activity Report 129. Status of Insecticide Resistance of Malaria, Kala-azar and Japanese Encephalitis Vectors in Bangladesh, Bhutan, India and Nepal (BBIN) (http://www.ehproject.org/PDF/Activity_Reports/AR-129%20Status%20Insect%20Format.pdf)

For more information or a hard copy, contact [email protected].

EHP BRIEF OUTLINING THE WEST AFRICA WATER INITIATIVE AVAILABLE

The West Africa Water Initiative (WAWI) was launched in late 2001. WAWI is a global partnership of fourteen institutions working together to provide potable water supply, sanitation, hygiene and integrated water resource management activities in Ghana, Mali and Niger. Following a WAWI Partners’ meeting in December 2002, USAID was requested to play a lead/coordinating role to develop a WAWI monitoring and evaluation (M&E) plan. EHP was asked to develop the M&E plan and in particular to select a core set of indicators to measure progress toward WAWI’s four objectives.

For further reading, see the following publications, which are available on the EHP website:

EHP Brief 23. Monitoring and Evaluation Plan for the West Africa Water Initiative (http://www.ehproject.org/PDF/EHPBriefs/EHPB23.pdf)

Activity Report 124. West Africa Water Initiative (WAWI) Monitoring and Evaluation Plan, Program Framework and Indicators (http://www.ehproject.org/PDF/Activity_Reports/AR%20124%20WAWI%20M&E.pdf)

For more information or a hard copy of either publication, contact [email protected].

Previous Issues 

The main topics or countries discussed are given in parentheses.

March 2004 (Advancing Health Outcomes Through Multi-Sectoral Approaches, Nepal-India Cross-Border Collaboration for Kala-Azar Prevention and Control, Collaborating with Paho in Hygiene Promotion, Assessing the Early Warning and Reporting System in Nepal, Public-Private Partnership for Handwashing with Soap Initiative, EHP End-of-Project Event)
January 2004 (Assessing Point-of-use Water Treatment and Safe Water Storage in Zambia, Implementing Urban Child Health in India, Malaria Studies in Eritrea, EHP Support to WAWI, ANE Regional Urban Health Workshop, Reducing Urban Malaria Transmission in Uganda)
November 2003 (Peru and Nepal: Public-Private Partnerships in Handwashing Initiative, Integrating Health, Population and The Environment in Madagascar, Protecting and Improving Water Sources in Jordan, Developing Malaria Risk Maps in Eritrea, Panama: Sanitation in Small Towns Workshop, Cop in Environmental Health)
August/September 2003  (Nepal-India Cross Border Collaboration, Nicaragua: Capacity Building of NGOs in Participatory Community Monitoring, Eritrea Village Pilot Program for Mosquito Source Management, PAHO-EHP Partnership for Hygiene Behavior Change, Reducing Urban Malaria Transmission in Uganda)
June/July 2003 Cairo Healthy Neighborhood Program, Strengthening Malaria Surveillance in Eritrea, Democratic Republic of Congo: Integrating Hygiene Improvement into Primary Health Care, Nepal Handwashing with Soap Initiative, Urban Health Conference in India
May 2003 (Global Health Council Conference 2003 Focuses on Health and the Environment, It’s Back: The Return of Vector Control as a Tool Against Malaria, Mainstreaming Prevention of Diarrhea in Child Health" Healthy Families, Healthy Forests: Integrated Programs, Malaria, Dengue, Cholera: Environmental Strategies for Control and Prevention, Improving Maternal and Child Health in Urban Slums and Squatter Settlements, Environmental Issues in Income Generation and Health)
March 2003 (EHP Nicaragua Program Receives The Robert C. Marini Clientship Grand Award, Sierra Club Honors AVS Coordinator, Cairo Urban Slum Child Health Program, Aga Khan Workshop, Best Practices For Dengue Prevention And Control In The Americas, Dhanusha-Mahottari Vector-Borne Disease Program: Community-Based Prevention And Control Of Kala-Azar, Sanitation In Small Towns: Summary Report on Sub-Regional Workshops, USAID Knowledge Management Inventory)
January 2003 (The West Africa Water Initiative, Lac Regional Workshop On Community IMCI, Reducing Urban Malaria Transmission in Uganda, Lessons Learned from Community Management of Environmental Health in Benin, Urban Environmental Health Pilot Activities in DR Congo, An Enabling Environment for Rural Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene Systems in the Dominican Republic)
October 2002 (India: Improving Child Health and Nutrition, Hygiene Promotion in the LAC Region, Malaria Control in Eritrea, Congo: Hygiene Improvement, Madagascar: Integrated Health, Population, World Summit on Sustainable Development)
September 2002 (West Africa Environmental Health Assessment, Dissemination Workshop on Latin America Small Town's Sanitation, Ghana Urban Health Assessment, News from BBIN Network, Honduras)
August 2002 (Improving the Early Warning Report System in Nepal, Assessing Sanitation Policies, Post-Mitch Activities in Nicaragua, African Sanitation and Hygiene Conference)
June 2002 (West Bank Environmental Health Assessment, New Publications)
March 2002 (E-Conference on Hygiene Improvement Framework, Latin America and the Caribbean, Larva Control, Nicaragua, Africa Malaria Day)
January 2002 (New EHP Director; Benin; Monitoring Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Activities; Malaria and Vector Control)
November 2001 (EHP Handwashing Publication, West Bank, Asia and the Near East, PAHO–EHP Partnership)
October 2001 (Benin, Sustainable Sanitation in Small Towns, DR Congo, Peru Behavior Change)
August 2001 (India, Eritrea, Democratic Republic of the Congo, BBIN Network, information exchange network)
June 2001 (Mozambique, Madagascar, Nepal, Dominican Republic, indoor air pollution consultation, Nairobi SIMA Conference)
May 2001 (Central America handwashing initiative, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eritrea, Nepal, Bolivia)
March 2001 (Nicaragua, Madagascar, Africa, DDT cost comparison)
January 2001 (EHP Activities, E-Newsletter, National Malaria Control Programs in 4 African Countries, Congo, Decentralization in Latin America, Peru, WSSCC Forum, Global WS&S Assessment from WHO/UNICEF)
November 2000 (Nicaragua, Dominican Republic, Madagascar, SANICONN)
September 2000 (Nepal/Regional, EHP and E-conferences)
July 2000 (Nicaragua, Malaria Vaccine Development, "Water for the World")
May–June 2000 (Nicaragua, International Consultation on Indoor Air Pollution)
April 2000 (Nicaragua, Madagascar, Mozambique)
March 2000 (Benin, South Africa, Eritrea, Madagascar)
February 2000 (Nicaragua, Paraguay, Ukraine, Mozambique and Eritrea)
January 2000 (Nicaragua, EHP Lessons Learned)

Previous Issues by Country

• Benin

  • January 2002

• Bolivia

  • May 2001

• Democratic Republic of the Congo

  • May 2001

  • August 2001

• Dominican Republic

  • January 2003

  • June 2001

• Eritrea

  • January 2004

  • November 2003

  • August/September 2003

  • June/July 2003

  • October 2002

  • February 2000

  • March 2000

  • May 2001

  • August 2001

• India

  • January 2004

  • October 2002

  • August 2001

• Madagascar

  • November 2003

  • October 2002

  • March 2000

  • April 2000

  • November 2000

  • March 2001

  • June 2001

• Mozambique

  • February 2000

  • April 2000

  • January 2001

  • June 2001

• Nepal

  • August/September 2003

  • June/July 2003

  • February 2000

  • September 2000

  • May 2001

  • June 2001

  • August 2002

• Nicaragua

  • March 2003

  • August/September 2003

  • January 2000

  • February 2000

  • April 2000

  • May/June 2000

  • July 2000

  • November 2000

  • March 2001

  • March 2002

  • August 2002

• Peru

  • November 2003

  • January 2001

  • October 2001

• Uganda

  • August/September 2003

• West Bank

  • November 2001

  • June 2002

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