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WEST BANK ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH ASSESSMENTAn environmental health assessment of the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) Village and Water Sanitation (VWS) Program in the West Bank has been completed. The field work, carried out by EHP and Save the Children, was completed over a two-week period in January 2002 under very difficult conditions.The VWS program is a two-year initiative funded by USAID and undertaken by EHP in close collaboration with the Palestinian Water Authority and other concerned national agencies. The purpose of the VWS Program is to provide safe and sustainable water and sanitation services to an estimated 140,000 people living in 50 underserved communities in the West Bank in areas west of Hebron and south of Nablus.The assessment focused on access to and types of water supply and sanitation facilities, quality of domestic drinking water, knowledge and practices related to handwashing in school children (6-12 years), prevalence of waterborne and sanitation-related diseases among children under five, and hygiene knowledge and behavior of caretakers of children under five and school-age children. This is the first in a series of operational research activities that are intended to provide information for the design phase of the project and to identify appropriate indicators for evaluating program outputs and impacts on behavior and possibly health.The report, “USAID Village and Sanitation Program, West Bank of Palestine – Environmental Health Assessment Phase I” is now available from EHP (see “New EHP Publications” below).For information on the activity, please contact Craig Hafner at [email protected]  
A DISSEMINATION WORKSHOP ON SMALL TOWNS’ SANITATION IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEANIn recent years, there has been a significant and growing interest in improving water supply and sanitation (WSS) services in small towns.  Small towns are not large enough for a conventional utility but often too big for community-managed water supply and sanitation models used in rural areas. Sanitation services in small towns require formal management arrangements, a legal basis for ownership and the ability to expand to meet growing demand. In Latin America, small towns tend to have populations of 5,000-25,000. Over the past year, with support from USAID’s Latin America and the Caribbean Bureau, Office of Regional Sustainable Development (LAC/RSD), EHP has developed a methodology for improving sanitation in small towns in Latin America and the Caribbean.  This methodology has been field tested in Ecuador, Panama and Jamaica. The report, “Improving Sanitation in Small Towns in Latin America and the Caribbean: Practical Methodology for Designing a Sustainable Sanitation Plan” is now available from EHP (see “New EHP Publications” below).To introduce the methodology, develop strategies for its use and to identify actions for follow-up, two dissemination workshops have been planned.  The first workshop will be held in Peru, October 1-3, 2002, and will include participants form Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru and Paraguay.  The second is planned for November 19-21, 2002, in Honduras for Central American countries. For more information on the workshop or the activity, please contact Fred Rosensweig at [email protected]  
GHANA URBAN HEALTH ASSESSMENTThe urban population in Ghana currently constitutes 38% of the total population and is growing at over twice the rate as that of rural areas. Given this rapid urbanization scenario, USAID/Ghana is interested in achieving a better understanding of urban poor health conditions.The Environmental Health Project (EHP) was tasked by USAID/Ghana, USAID Bureau for Global Health/Office of Health and Nutrition and USAID Bureau for Economic Growth, Agriculture and Trade/Office of Environment and Urban Programs to conduct an assessment of the health needs of the urban poor in Ghana. The assessment information is anticipated to provide a road map for possible Mission interventions related to poor health in urban areas and to feed into future urban slum health programming under USAID/Ghana’s country strategy.A team of two EHP consultants and two consultants from Ghana has completed a literature review and on-the-ground assessment of conditions in the urban slums of Accra and Kumasi. Key findings show that clean water supply and sanitation, in particular, are the most critical needs for improving poor health in urban areas and that services for the urban poor are inadequate. A draft assessment report of findings and strategic recommendations for USAID/Ghana is now under preparation. For more information on the activity, contact Sarah Fry at [email protected]   
NEWS FROM THE BANGLADESH, BHUTAN, INDIA AND NEPAL (BBIN) NETWORKDue to increased population movement across common borders in South Asia, cross-border spread of vector-borne diseases is on the rise. The Bangladesh, Bhutan, India and Nepal (BBIN) network for vector-borne diseases was conceived two years ago to facilitate regular information sharing and standardized surveillance approaches. With support from USAID/Nepal, EHP/Nepal played a major role in the BBIN network including taking the lead in establishing partnerships, forging the links between the four member countries, conducting regional workshops and establishing and managing the BBIN Web site for information sharing. The BBIN Web site was currently updated with new features that include: a new country page from “Bangladesh”; a “Breaking News” section reporting vector-borne disease outbreaks, epidemics and related actions in the region; an “Events” page covering “Current Events,” “Previous Events” and “Upcoming Regional Events” with emphasis on cross-border issues; an “Information Exchange” page; and a “Library” page with regional news bulletins/publications and relevant reports.Check out the BBIN Web site at http://www.bbin.org.   For information on the BBIN and cross-border vector-borne disease initiatives, please contact [email protected]  
HONDURAS: DEVELOPMENT OF A SUPERVISORY SYSTEM FOR ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH TECHNICIANSUSAID has been working with the Honduran Ministry of Health (MOH) since 1993 in the development of an integrated environmental health program.  To date, the MOH has trained 270 environmental health technicians, with more anticipated to be trained in the future. The MOH also is in the process of training 50 supervisory staff. USAID/Honduras has requested EHP to assist the MOH in developing a framework for the supervisory staff, which includes task definition, evaluation and reporting. An EHP consultant has carried out a first visit to assess the status of the current program for environmental health technicians and make recommendations for improvement. Two more visits are planned. For more information on the activity, please contact Fred Rosensweig at [email protected]  
NEW EHP PUBLICATIONS!1. Activity Report on Phase II of the Peru Lead Project Activity Report 110, “Support for Phase II of the Peru Lead Project to Determine Blood and Ambient Lead Levels in Metropolitan Lima and to Manage the Lead Exposure Problem in Critical Areas” In 1997, a collaboration was initiated between USAID/Peru and the Peruvian Ministry of Health’s General Directorate of Environmental Health (DIGESA) to implement a program to phase out lead from gasoline. As part of the program, a blood-lead study was implemented to obtain baseline data to monitor changes in blood lead levels associated with the phase-out. The study conducted by DIGESA among high-risk populations, mainly children and women living in Lima and Callao, showed severe lead contamination in an area near the port of Callao. The findings highlighted a need to look at probable sources of contamination other than leaded gasoline. As a result, DIGESA, EHP and USAID implemented a follow-on phase of the study. The purpose of the Peru Lead Project Phase II was to clearly identify all possible sources of lead exposure and to provide technical assistance and support to DIGESA to manage the problem.A 1.12MB PDF version of the report is available at:http://www.ehproject.org\PDF\Activity_Reports\AR110-PELeadPrj2Final.pdfFor more information or a hard copy of the report, contact [email protected] 2. Strategic Report on Sanitation in Small Latin American TownsStrategic Report 3. Improving Sanitation in Small Towns in Latin America and the Caribbean – Practical Methodology for Designing a Sustainable Sanitation Plan.Over the past year, with support from USAID’s Latin America and the Caribbean Bureau, Office of Regional Sustainable Development (LAC/RSD), EHP has developed a methodology for improving sanitation in small towns in Latin America and the Caribbean.  This methodology has been field tested in Ecuador, Panama and Jamaica. A 1.86MB PDF version of the report, “Improving Sanitation in Small Towns in Latin America and the Caribbean: Practical Methodology for Designing a Sustainable Sanitation Plan,” is available at:http://www.ehproject.org\PDF\Strategic_papers\SR3LACSanSmTwnsCombinedFINAL.pdf A 2.46MB Spanish version of the report also is available at: http://www.ehproject.org\PDF\Strategic_papers\SR3-LACSPANISH.pdf For more information or a hard copy of the report, contact [email protected] 3.  Joint Publication 5. USAID Village and Sanitation Program, West Bank of
     Palestine – Environmental Health Assessment Phase IAn environmental health assessment of the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) Village and Water Sanitation (VWS) Program in the West Bank has been completed. The field work was carried out by EHP and Save the Children over a two-week period in January 2002 under very difficult conditions.The assessment focused on access to and types of water supply and sanitation facilities, quality of domestic drinking water, knowledge and practices related to handwashing in school children (6-12 years), prevalence of waterborne and sanitation-related diseases among children under five, and hygiene knowledge and behavior of caretakers of children under five and school-age children.This publication, in collaboration with Save the Children, presents the results of this assessment.A 2.32MB PDF version of the report is available at:http://www.ehproject.org\PDF\Joint_Publications\JP005WestBankAssessfinal.pdfFor more information or a hard copy of the report, contact [email protected]

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